R is a programming language and environment widely used for solving data science problems and particularly designed for statistical computing and data visualization. Its main characteristics include:
- Open source
- Interpreted (i.e., it supports both functional and object-oriented programming)
- Highly extensible due to its large collection of data science packages
- Functional and flexible (users can define their own functions, as well as tune various parameters of existing functions)
- Compatible with many operating systems
- Can be easily integrated with other programming languages and frameworks
- Allows powerful statistical computing
- Offers a variety of data visualization tools for creating publication-quality charts
- Equipped with the command-line interface
- Supported by a strong online community
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