List and define the control statements in R.

There are three groups of control statements in R: conditional statements, loop statements, and jump statements.

Conditional statements:

• if—tests whether a given condition is true and provides operations to perform if it’s so.
• if-else—tests whether a given condition is true, provides operations to perform if it’s so and another set of operations to perform in the opposite case.
• if... else if... else—tests a series of conditions one by one, provides operations to perform for each condition if it’s true, and a fallback set of operations to perform if none of those conditions is true.
• switch—evaluates an expression against the items of a list and returns a value from the list based on the results of this evaluation.

Loop statements:

• for—in for loops, iterates over a sequence.
• while—in while loops, checks if a predefined logical condition (or several logical conditions) is met at the current iteration.
• repeat—in repeat loops, continues performing the same set of operations until a predefined break condition (or several break conditions) is met.

Jump statements:

• next—skips a particular iteration of a loop and jumps to the next one if a certain condition is met.
• break—stops and exits the loop at a particular iteration if a certain condition is met.
• return—exits a function and returns the result.