How to create a new column in a data frame in R based on other columns?

1. Using the transform() and ifelse() functions of the base R:

df <- data.frame(col_1 = c(1, 3, 5, 7),  col_2 = c(8, 6, 4, 2))
print(df)
​
# Adding the column col_3 to the data frame df
df <- transform(df, col_3 = ifelse(col_1 < col_2, col_1 + col_2, col_1 * col_2))
print(df)Powered By 

Output:

  col_1 col_2
1     1     8
2     3     6
3     5     4
4     7     2
  col_1 col_2 col_3
1     1     8     9
2     3     6     9
3     5     4    20
4     7     2    14Powered By 

2. Using the with() and ifelse() functions of the base R:

df <- data.frame(col_1 = c(1, 3, 5, 7),  col_2 = c(8, 6, 4, 2))
print(df)
​
# Adding the column col_3 to the data frame df
df["col_3"] <- with(df, ifelse(col_1 < col_2, col_1 + col_2, col_1 * col_2))
print(df)Powered By 

Output:

  col_1 col_2
1     1     8
2     3     6
3     5     4
4     7     2
  col_1 col_2 col_3
1     1     8     9
2     3     6     9
3     5     4    20
4     7     2    14Powered By 

3. Using the apply() function of the base R:

df <- data.frame(col_1 = c(1, 3, 5, 7),  col_2 = c(8, 6, 4, 2))
print(df)
​
# Adding the column col_3 to the data frame df
df["col_3"] <- apply(df, 1, FUN = function(x) if(x[1] < x[2]) x[1] + x[2] else x[1] * x[2])
print(df) Powered By 

Output:

  col_1 col_2
1     1     8
2     3     6
3     5     4
4     7     2
  col_1 col_2 col_3
1     1     8     9
2     3     6     9
3     5     4    20
4     7     2    14Powered By 

4. Using the mutate() function of the dplyr package and the ifelse() function of the base R:

df <- data.frame(col_1 = c(1, 3, 5, 7),  col_2 = c(8, 6, 4, 2))
print(df)
​
# Adding the column col_3 to the data frame df
df <- mutate(df, col_3 = ifelse(col_1 < col_2, col_1 + col_2, col_1 * col_2))
print(df)Powered By 

Output:

  col_1 col_2
1     1     8
2     3     6
3     5     4
4     7     2
  col_1 col_2 col_3
1     1     8     9
2     3     6     9
3     5     4    20
4     7     2    14